『The Philosophy of Science』のポスター

2026 1シーズン 8話完結

The Philosophy of Science

2026 1シーズン 8話

シーズン1

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シーズン1

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60分

S1 · E1 2026年4月30日

Science as Philosophy 第1話

In our introductory lecture, we explore the philosophy of science by examining the extraordinary dominance that science has achieved in contemporary culture, where it has become the benchmark for truth and reality. We trace scientific thinking from ancient Greece, where Thales and Anaximander replaced myth with natural explanations, to Aristotle’s emphasis on observation and reason. The lecture concludes by challenging Stephen Hawking's claim that "philosophy is dead," arguing instead that science remains fundamentally a branch of philosophy and that philosophical inquiry is essential for understanding science's methods, foundations, scope, and limitations.

72分

S1 · E2 2026年4月30日

The Scientific Revolution 第2話

In lecture two, Dr. Orr considers the Needham question, which asks why the scientific revolution emerged in medieval Europe rather than in more technologically advanced civilizations like China or the Islamic world. The lecture explores how medieval Christendom provided unique theological and institutional foundations—including the doctrine of creation ex nihilo, autonomous universities, and a view of nature as secular—that ultimately enabled the scientific revolution to flourish in 16th and 17th century Europe.

63分

S1 · E3 2026年4月30日

Scientific Thinkers 第3話

In lecture three, we study the scientific revolution through six figures: Copernicus, Galileo, Kepler, Descartes, Bacon, and Newton. We challenge the narrative that science progressed by breaking from religion, showing how these thinkers were motivated by theological beliefs. We examine their discoveries—heliocentrism, laws of motion, universal gravitation—and how they transformed natural philosophy. Dr. Orr demonstrates that these revolutionary thinkers viewed their work as natural philosophy aimed at understanding God's creation, suggesting the scientific revolution was a continuous evolution within a Christian intellectual universe rather than a radical rupture from it.

59分

S1 · E4 2026年4月30日

Origins of the "Scientist" 第4話

In lecture four, we explore the historical transition from natural philosophy to modern science during the 19th and 20th centuries, examining how the professionalization of science led to the view that all truths are scientific truths. We trace key developments including Darwin's Origin of Species, the Industrial Revolution's technological successes, and the coining of the term "scientist" in 1837. The lecture concludes by examining the Vienna Circle's logical positivism and its eventual failure, highlighting the philosophical tensions that arise when science attempts to explain all aspects of human experience, including consciousness, morality, and meaning.

62分

S1 · E5 2026年4月30日

Scientific Reasoning 第5話

In lecture five, we analyze two key challenges in philosophy of science. First, the demarcation problem: distinguishing genuine science from pseudoscience through Popper's falsification principle - scientific claims must be testable and potentially disprovable, unlike theories like psychoanalysis. Second, Hume's problem of induction questions how we justify using past experience to predict the future. We examine contemporary responses including Bayesian probability and the concept of abduction as alternative approaches to scientific reasoning, while acknowledging that the skeptical challenge remains largely unresolved in contemporary philosophy of science.

55分

S1 · E6 2026年4月30日

Progress in Science 第6話

In lecture six, we discuss how science changes and whether it makes progress. We examine Thomas Kuhn's paradigm shift theory, suggesting science replaces one map of reality with another without objective progress. We also consider quantum mechanics paradoxes like wave-particle duality and observer dependence, and the underdetermination of theory by evidence. Dr. Orr also addresses realism vs. anti-realism, featuring Putnam's no-miracles argument that theories must approximate truth to explain their success. We conclude by examining philosophy's essential role in understanding science.

54分

S1 · E7 2026年4月30日

Philosophy in Science 第7話

In lecture seven, we examine three fundamental concepts in philosophy of science: laws of nature, causation, and scientific explanation. We explore competing views on laws of nature, from Humean skepticism treating laws as mere regularities, to universals-based theories, to revived Aristotelian powers. We investigate parallel debates about causation and their role in scientific explanation. The lecture ultimately reveals deep philosophical disagreements about these foundational elements, demonstrating that scientific progress generates rather than eliminates philosophical questions.

66分

S1 · E8 2026年4月30日

Unanswered Questions 第8話

In our eighth and final lecture, we investigate four key areas where scientific advances have generated profound philosophical questions. We delve into cosmology and the Big Bang theory's impact on questions of existence, the biological distinction between life and non-life, neuroscience's relationship to consciousness and the mind-brain problem, and the philosophical puzzles arising from quantum mechanics. Dr. Orr demonstrates that scientific progress doesn’t replace philosophy—it deepens it, revealing that the more we discover, the more mysterious the world becomes and the more we need philosophical analysis to make sense of it.

シーズン1は全8話

In The Philosophy of Science, an eight-hour course, Dr. James Orr traces the development of science from ancient Greece through the Scientific Revolution to today. He examines how theological, institutional, and philosophical forces shaped science, while tackling key issues like the demarcation problem of science versus pseudoscience, Hume’s problem of induction, Kuhn’s theory of paradigm shifts, and the realism debate. The course also engages fascinating unresolved questions raised by cosmology, neuroscience, and quantum mechanics, ultimately arguing that scientific progress does not eliminate philosophical inquiry but rather deepens it, revealing new mysteries that demand philosophical analysis.

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Dr. James Orr

Host

総再生時間 8h 8m · 1話の長さ 61分 · 種別ミニシリーズ

作品情報

初回公開

2026年4月30日

ステータス

完結

国

アメリカ合衆国

種別

ミニシリーズ

1話の長さ

61分

総再生時間

8h 8m

原語

英語

製作

P

Peterson Academy

製作

言語

作中の言語

英語

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