Science View

S2023 · E1 · Jan 8, 2012

The Biggest Optical Telescope Ever Episode 1

This time we feature a project to build a telescope with a 30-meter mirror. It's called the Thirty-Meter Telescope (TMT) and is being developed by a consortium of five nations, including Japan. Such a large telescope would be impossible without technology to make ultra-high-precision mirrors, and adaptive optics that boost the image resolution even further. We'll meet Japanese scientists and engineers involved in overcoming these daunting technical challenges.

S2023 · E2 · Jan 15, 2012

Marine Life Harbors Tomorrow's Wonder Drugs! Episode 2

The enormous biodiversity of life on Earth makes the natural world a treasure trove of benefits for humanity. Kevin put his life sciences expertise to work explaining why. An organism from coastal tidepools has yielded a valuable anticancer drug. As an island country, Japan has a long and storied record in marine biology research. Joining forces with Japan's cutting-edge research techniques in analytical and synthetic chemisty, Japanese science brought a new drug from sea to clinic.

S2023 · E3 · Jan 22, 2012

Frontiers of Volcano Research Episode 3

How can we predict volcanic eruptions? How can we know about them before they happen? A nation full of volcanoes, Japan has been at the forefront of research seeking to answer these questions. On this program, we learn about instruments that have been placed inside volcanoes to measure their expansion, how magma movements are being measured by minute changes in gravitational pull, and how one cutting-edge experiment is using cosmic particles to peer inside volcanoes. Every improvement in volcano prediction has the potential to save lives. Meet the dedicated researchers who are blazing new trails in this field!

S2023 · E4 · Jan 29, 2012

Zeroing in on Cancer Episode 4

One in three Japanese people will die of cancer, so it's no surprise that cancer research is one of the most important medical fields. Currently, there are three established treatments: surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy. But today scientists around the world are working to add a fourth: cancer vaccines. And Japanese researchers are right in the thick of it! They are identifying genes that are expressed only in cancer cells, and making vaccines from molecules called peptides that form from the breakdown of the proteins these "cancer genes" encode. We hear about patients who were treated with the vaccine-and saw amazing results. And in the studio, we have Yusuke Nakamura of the University of Tokyo Institute of Medical Science, one of Japan's leading researchers in this field.

S2023 · E5 · Feb 5, 2012

Robot Cars Race into the Future Episode 5

S2023 · E6 · Feb 12, 2012

Turning the Sahara Desert into a Solar Power Superfarm! Episode 6

S2023 · E7 · Feb 19, 2012

The Coelacanth! The Living Fossil That Casts Light on Evolution's Mysteries Episode 7

S2023 · E8 · Feb 26, 2012

Reviving the Asuka Beauties: Restoration of the Takamatsuzuka Tomb Wall Paintings Episode 8

The Takamatsuzuka Tomb was erected 1,300 years ago in what is now the village of Asuka in Nara Prefecture. On its four walls are painted the Azure Dragon, the White Tiger, the Black Tortoise and a group of women in vibrant hues called the Asuka Beauties. It was one of the greatest discoveries in the history of Japanese archaeology, but mold and dehumidification have since led to the murals' deterioration. Can the power of science and technology restore and preserve this priceless artistic and cultural treasure for future generations?

S2023 · E9 · Mar 4, 2012

Bioimaging: Changing the Future of Medicine Episode 9

Do you know the term bioimaging? It is a technique for observing living cells by making them shine or light up, and people are saying that it will change the face of medicine. In surgery, for example, doctors can remove cancer cells much more easily when they are lit up. Bioimaging is also leading to rapid advances in our understanding of the mechanisms behind cancer, Alzheimer's, and other pathological conditions. This new understanding should help find these conditions earlier than ever before. Japanese bioimaging technology is at the global forefront. Tune in and see for yourself!

S2023 · E10 · Mar 11, 2012

Singing Synthesizers: The Technology Behind a Digital Popstar Episode 10

The voice of CG pop idol Hatsune Miku simply soars! Perhaps you've heard it? Singing voices synthesized by computers are storming on to the stage. One recording with synthesized singing even reached number one on the Japanese charts! And all of this is underpinned by the amazing progress of voice synthesizing technology, just in the past few years. The voices are made by computer, but they sound natural and full of feeling! There is even technology that can synthesize just about anybody's voice, even yours! What are the secrets behind these amazing advances? What is the essence of expression? What does singing mean to people? We ask these essential questions from the front line of voice synthesizing technology.

S2023 · E11 · Mar 18, 2012

Hydrothermal Vents: Searching for Life at the Bottom of the Sea Episode 11

Technological advances are shedding light on the world of the deep ocean. One focus of interest is hydrothermal vents that spew out super heated water from the ocean floor. These vents are home to many fantastic creatures that feed on poisonous chemical compounds like hydrogen sulfide and methane. Recent studies even suggest that life on earth may have started around hydrothermal vents. Japan's most advanced submersible performed the world's first major survey to investigate this hypothesis. Did it find clues about the birth of life? Tune in to find out all the details!

S2023 · E12 · Apr 5, 2012

Hayabusa's Homecoming: The Inside Story Episode 12

The Japanese spacecraft Hayabusa crashed down like a falling star into the dessert in Australia in June 2010. It was an image that captivated many people around the world. Hayabusa's return to earth marked the end of its 6 billion kilometer journey that lasted 7 years. The unprecedented project landed a probe on the asteroid Itokawa and brought a sample back. But along the way there was all sorts of trouble including engine problems and a fuel leak, but the ion engine developed in Japan managed to bring Hayabusa nack home safely. Two films also came out in February and March 2012, keeping Hayabusa very much in the spotlight in Japan. We go behind the scenes of this first ever successful sample return mission to a celestial body other than the moon.

S2023 · E13 · Apr 12, 2012

New Frontiers in Seismic Design Episode 13

Do you know what the most significant source of damage is to a building during an earthquake? While most people might think of the magnitude and intensity scales as a way to measure a quake's destructiveness, there is actually another important factor: an earthquake's period of oscillation. For example, during earthquakes with a long period of oscillation, tall buildings are most susceptible to damage because of a phenomenon called resonance. Studies have now begun to analyze the kind of ground cities are built upon in an effort to predict the period of earthquakes before they happen. We report on this cutting edge research protect buildings against giant earthquakes.

S2023 · E14 · Apr 19, 2012

Advances in Bio-Logging: Tracking Animals in the Wild! Episode 14

We know a lot about animals, but how much do we really know about their lifestyles? Bio-logging is a new technology that gives us an inside look at how animals live. Cameras, GPS modules, thermometers, barometers and other devices are attached to animals. These devices then record the animals as they go about their normal everyday lives. The resulting video and data have given us amazing new insights into animal behavior. Scientists are now observing animal behavior through the viewpoint of the animals themselves—but what exactly are they looking for? Join us as we show you a rich selection of astonishing bio-logging videos from land, sea and sky.

S2023 · E15 · Apr 26, 2012

The Fukushima Nuclear Disaster: Robots to the Rescue Episode 15

On this week's episode, we examine Quince, the Japanese rescue robot that was deployed into the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. Since a hydrogen explosion at the plant, radiation levels remain high inside. That makes it difficult for workers to continue cleanup efforts for long periods at a time. Quince was deployed three months after the accident. Its goal was to measure radiation levels and check the status of the plant's cooling system. Quince was developed by a Japanese university research team. It was designed to be a highly maneuverable rescue robot. We look at the latest developments in Japanese robotics and consider how current research might be applied in the future.

S2023 · E16 · May 3, 2012

Ultimate Cryptography to Defend Our Digital Lifestyle! Episode 16

The Internet has become an essential part of our lives. Cryptography the technology that protects our private information using codes. But there is always the possibility that the codes can be broken. Quantum coding is a way to avert that danger. The idea is to make perfectly secure codes using the principles of quantum physics. A project has now begun in Japan to being limited use of this new technology in just four years!

S2023 · E17 · May 10, 2012

Artificial Cells: Revealing the Secrets of Life Episode 17

S2023 · E18 · May 17, 2012

ALMA: A Giant Telescope Searching for the Origins of Life Episode 18

S2023 · E19 · May 24, 2012

The iPS Cell Revolution: A Discussion with Dr. Yamanaka Episode 19

S2023 · E20 · May 31, 2012

Follow-on Disasters after the Megaquake Episode 20

The magnitude-9.0 megaquake that struck Japan on March 11th, 2011 induced many more earthquakes across country, some of them in places where quakes almost never happen. In addition, there are twenty Japanese volcanoes that rumbling more since megaquake. A mass of data on these quakes and volcanoes is being studied for clues as to where the next megaquake will strike, and what we can do to mitigate the damage. What exactly has been happening underneath Japan? We report on the latest science.

S2023 · E21 · Jun 7, 2012

Right Under Our Feet: The Hidden Web of Life in the Soil Episode 21

There is an amazing world beneath our feet, from earthworms and woodlice to countless tiny bacteria. And we don't know very much at all about how 99% of these creatures actually live. Scientists are learning how symbiotic relationships between the creatures of the soil form complex ecosystems. Organisms called endophytes that live inside plants are attracting particular attention. Soil ecology is a deep and fascinating field. What are some of the extraordinary features of the soil and its ecosystems? The latest science is uncovering the universe hidden beneath the soil.

S2023 · E22 · Jun 14, 2012

Cancer Killing Viruses Episode 22

Cancer is the number one cause of death in Japan. Among the many new cancer treatments currently being researched, a method that uses viruses to kill cancer cells is attracting particular attention. This surprising method, using a pathogen to fight cancer, is made possible by a very common virus: herpes. The genes of the herpes virus are recombined to render it harmless to healthy cells, but deadly to cancer cells. In animal experiments, scientists altered just three of herpes's genes, but this small change created a virus with powerful anti-cancer properties. Human clinical tests are now underway. Will this method become a common form of cancer treatment? Join us as we investigate.

S2023 · E23 · Jun 21, 2012

Tapping Waste Heat to Produce Electricity Episode 23

Heat-generating objects are all around us, from personal computers and televisions to cars and factories! This heat represents an enormous amount of energy, but most of it goes unused, a huge waste. Efforts to capture this heat, and generate power from it, are now in the spotlight. One key to these efforts is the Seebeck effect: a phenomenon where a difference in temperature can generate electrical power. We will explain this effect in detail, and introduce research in Japan that is generating thermal power using a related, but different, scientific principle. The fascinating new method that uses this principle generates electricity using electrical insulators. Join us as we investigate the great potential of thermal power generation. It is using everything from industrial waste heat to the heat from our own bodies to create a more eco-friendly future.

S2023 · E24 · Jun 28, 2012

Effects of Low-dose Radiation on Human Health Episode 24

Massive amounts of radiation have been released from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant since it was hit by the tsunami caused by last year's Great East Japan Earthquake. Now, more than a year later, the cleanup work is progressing, but many radiation hotspots remain, and there is continuing anxiety about how radiation might affect the health of residents living near the plant. Japan is a world leader in epidemiology -what can its studies tell us about the health effects of long-term exposure to relatively low doses of radiation? Children are said to be especially vulnerable -are the effects different for them? There are still many questions that remain to be answered. We report on the latest Japanese studies into the impact of radiation on the human body.

S2023 · E25 · Jul 5, 2012

A Mega-Volcano Lurking Beneath Kagoshima Bay Episode 25

Even most Japanese people don't know that Kagoshima Bay in southern Japan is home to a gigantic active undersea volcano. 30,000 years ago this volcano, then on land, underwent one of largest eruptions ever in Japan, blasting ash across the Japanese islands. The eruption resulted in the Aira Caldera, a formation 20 kilometers across that currently sits 200 meters below the water's surface. A recent survey of the caldera discovered it contains a unique oceanic ecosystem that exists in only two other places in the world. In 2011, another major discovery was made: deposits of rare metals. Join us as we probe the mysteries of this enormous but little-known volcano.

S2023 · E26 · Jul 12, 2012

The Future of iPS Cells Episode 26

S2023 · E27 · Jul 19, 2012

IKAROS: The World's First Solar Sail Spacecraft Episode 27

With IKAROS (the Interplanetary Kite-craft Accelerated by Radiation Of the Sun), the Japanese space program has amazed the world. IKAROS is the world's first spaceship that can fly about freely in space without a mechanical engine. It's like something out of science fiction. How exactly does IKAROS propel itself? The idea behind IKAROS was first conceived by a U.S. research institution a century ago, but it took uniquely Japanese talent to make it a reality -actually, origami was a crucial source of inspiration for the engineering team. Now, a new, larger craft modeled on IKAROS is being designed to explore our solar system. It is expected to take flight in 2020. IKAROS is promising to change the shape of space exploration. Don't miss this episode.

S2023 · E28 · Jul 26, 2012

Turning CO2 from Trash into Treasure Episode 28

Carbon dioxide is often thought of as one of the main causes of global warming. But scientists are finding new ways to turn CO2 into a useful resource. We see how fast-growing seaweed can be used to absorb vast amounts of carbon dioxide through photosynthesis, and how the CO2 is then used to make plastics and methane gas. What's the secret behind this miraculous new technique? Here's a clue: microorganisms. Tune in and see the latest scientific attempts to turn "trash into treasure."

S2023 · E29 · Aug 23, 2012

Deep Sea Gold Rush! Episode 29

Japan might soon experience its own gold rush! Scientists are hoping to tap the vast deposits of gold, silver, copper, and other rare metals found in oceanic plate boundaries. State-of-the-art Japanese technology is being employed to locate and extract metals from these deposits, which are produced by the dynamic forces at work inside our planet. Japan was once referred to as "Zipangu" by Marco Polo, a land fabled for its gold. With all of the new gold deposits being discovered in Japanese waters, Zipangu might not be a myth after all.

S2023 · E30 · Aug 30, 2012

Shape Shifting Neurons Episode 30

There are roughly 100 billion neurons in the brain. Neurons can live up to 120 years, but unlike other cells, they cannot divide. How do neurons store our memories? On this episode of Science View, we focus on new research that aims to answer that question. An advance in imaging technology has made it possible to observe neural activity in real time using a method called two-photon microscopy. Using this technology, scientists have revealed the dynamic life of cells.

S2023 · E31 · Sep 6, 2012

New Technologies Tackle Rare-earth Shortage Episode 31

Rare earths are essential to contemporary industry, including energy-efficient electrical appliances. Take neodymium, for example, one rare earth element. Neodymium magnets are used in the motors of devices like washing machines and hybrid cars. In 2009, China, which supplies more than 90% of the world's rare earths, briefly suspended rare earth exports. The shock that this gave to Japanese industry triggered new interest in developing alternative technologies to ones that use rare earths. We report on the research at the forefront of this burgeoning field.

S2023 · E32 · Sep 13, 2012

What Caused Japan's 2011 Mega-tsunami? Episode 32

The gigantic magnitude-9 earthquake that struck Japan on March 11, 2011, also unleashed an enormous tsunami that reached as high as 38 meters along the country's eastern coast. A seabed survey conducted off the Sanriku Coast in August 2011 discovered a surprising phenomenon. It is now being suggested that if widely expected earthquakes strike various regions of Japan in the future, this same phenomenon could produce more huge tsunami, and compound the damage wrought by these earthquakes. We introduce the newly understood mechanism behind mega-tsunami.

S2023 · E33 · Sep 20, 2012

New Wind Turbine Technologies Episode 33

A Japanese research group is working on a new technique that could triple the output of wind power generators. Called the wind-lens turbine, it gathers the wind in a way similar to the way a lens concentrates light. But what exactly is a wind-lens turbine? It's simpler than you think, but you'll have to tune in to find it out. Tests using the turbines have already started out at sea in preparation for future widespread use. Effective use of wind around Japan's coast could even potentially provide more energy than Japan currently uses. Tune in to find out about the latest developments in this cutting edge technology.

S2023 · E34 · Sep 27, 2012

Infrared Astronomy: A Window on the Evolution of Stars and Galaxies Episode 34

The stars and galaxies are in constant motion across our vast universe, and Akari, a Japanese infrared observation satellite, has been providing some fascinating information about them. Akari uses the special properties of infrared radiation to capture breathtaking scenes: stars being born, intergalactic collisions. Akari has also provided astonishing new images of Betelgeuse, a well-known star in the Orion constellation, and there's a special connection to the Orion Nebula, which sits over 1,000 light years away from Earth. What is this connection? And what makes infrared special? Tune in to discover the answers, and see some of Akari's amazing images of our universe.

S2023 · E35 · Oct 4, 2012

Capturing Images from Inside the Cell Episode 35

The cell is the smallest unit of life but still many riddles remain about what goes on inside it. We introduce a new technique that observes a single molecule in the cell. A cutting edge microscope uses laser technology to reveal unanticipated molecular movement. What is this amazing activity, which even disproved a theory proposed by a Nobel Prize winner? We also take a look at a needle that works on the micrometer scale to move and remove tiny quantities of matter in the tiny organelles found in cells. Join us for a closer look at these achievements, coming in quick succession from Japan, and the new discoveries these world-class techniques are making about the internal world of the cell.

S2023 · E36 · Oct 11, 2012

The Amazing Power of Jellyfish Episode 36

S2023 · E37 · Oct 18, 2012

J-Innovators Special: Up Close With Japanese Craftamanship Episode 37

S2023 · E38 · Nov 1, 2012

The Amazing World of Dolphins and Whales Episode 38

S2023 · E39 · Nov 8, 2012

Metabolomics: How Life Works Episode 39

S2023 · E40 · Nov 15, 2012

How Buildings Handled Japan's 2011 Megaquake Episode 40

Scenes of the ceiling collapsing in the Ibaraki Airport lobby were some of the first images shown on TV after the Great East Japan Earthquake of 2011. The ceiling was made of heavy plaster board. Anyone struck by them would have been badly injured. What caused the ceiling to fall? Analysis has revealed an unexpected weakness. This kind of suspended ceilings is commonly used in all kinds of public buildings. Professor Kenichi Kawaguchi of the University of Tokyo joins us in the studio to talk about improving building safety during earthquakes. Be sure to tune in!

S2023 · E41 · Nov 22, 2012

The Kunimasu: The Amazing Story of a Fish Back From Extinction Episode 41

S2023 · E42 · Dec 6, 2012

The Genealogy of iPS Cells Episode 42

Professor Shinya Yamanaka of Kyoto University was awarded this year's Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for developing the first induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells). On this week's Science View we bring you a special Nobel Prize episode in advance of the award ceremony in Stockholm, Sweden, on December 10th.

S2023 · E43 · Dec 13, 2012

Shizuku: Understanding Climate Change from Space Episode 43

On this edition of Science View we bring you news on Shizuku, Japan's state-of-the-art weather satellite.

S2023 · E44 · Dec 20, 2012

Artificial Photosynthesis: Power to Change the World Episode 44

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants obtain energy from sunlight. Scientists have long tried to artificially replicate this process. If they succeed, it could have a major impact on both energy production and our way of life. In fact, in 2011, Japanese scientists made a breakthrough discovery in the field of artificial photosynthesis. They pinpointed the structure of an enzyme that was a mystery for 200 years. The research project began 20 years. It also discovered a surprising feature of the enzyme's structure. Researchers are also using the science behind photosynthesis in an effort to use light energy to extract hydrogen from water. This research makes use of a material with astonishing properties. Can you guess what material they are using? Join us for an in depth look at latest efforts to realize artificial photosynthesis.