Постер: History of the United States, 2nd Edition

2003 1 сезон 84 сер. Завершён

History of the United States, 2nd Edition

2003 1 сезон 84 сер.

Сезон 1

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Сезон 1

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30 мин

S1 · E1 · 1 янв 2003 г.

Living Bravely Серия 1

Columbus's discovery of a New World allowed Europeans to, first, exploit natural and human resources, and later, to write new social, economic, and political scripts for their lives in a place where European ideas of society no longer applied.

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S1 · E2 · 2 янв 2003 г.

Spain, France, and the Netherlands Серия 2

The Spanish tapped sources of wealth in the Americas, displaying the most wanton cruelty in obtaining it. By 1600 they had evolved from an extraction society to a settler society. The French attempted extraction incursions and to settle in North America but did not succeed as the Spanish had in the South.

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S1 · E3 · 3 янв 2003 г.

Gentlemen in the Wilderness Серия 3

The English joined the great game of extraction and settlement last of all the major European nations. By 1680 settlements around the Chesapeake Bay achieved success with tobacco and the forced recruitment of a workforce of African slaves. Virginia worked its way through what became a typical English pattern: from company colony, to unstable free-for-all, to stable aristocracy.

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S1 · E4 · 4 янв 2003 г.

Radicals in the Wilderness Серия 4

If the southern English colonies were motivated by economic self-interest—be it piracy, tobacco, or slaves—the northern settlements were motivated by ideas. In New England's case, the ideas were religious. The "godly commonwealth" of the first Puritans was succeeded by the same slow tendency toward aristocracy, based on transatlantic commerce rather than commodities, that characterized Virginia.

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S1 · E5 · 5 янв 2003 г.

Traders in the Wilderness Серия 5

The broad stretch of coastal territory between the Chesapeake and Long Island had been settled by the Swedes along the Delaware Bay and the Dutch along the Hudson River. Dutch settlements (renamed New York) developed into a major commercial center. Quaker William Penn's Pennsylvania emerged, by the 1750s, with a commercial aristocracy similar to that of New England, centered around its principal city.

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S1 · E6 · 6 янв 2003 г.

An Economy of Slaves Серия 6

The transition of these settlements to stable commercial success would not have been possible without a source of cheap labor. America's immensity of land and lack of labor to develop it required forced migration of laborers: convicts, indentured servants, beggars. But a less expensive and more permanent source of labor was the 11 million Africans who were torn from their homes to be slaves.

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S1 · E7 · 7 янв 2003 г.

Printers, Painters, and Preachers Серия 7

Americans developed cultural forms in both music and art that were uniquely American. The most important cultural transition, part of the European Enlightenment, was from a religious to a scientific and secular understanding of the world. Three illustrative figures of this transition are Cotton Mather, Benjamin Franklin, and Jonathan Edwards.

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S1 · E8 · 8 янв 2003 г.

The Great Awakening Серия 8

The stresses of Colonial life—natural, social, economic, religious, and political— produced unusual social eruptions that were aimed at regaining some sense of control. The Great Awakening, a revival of radical Protestant religion across New England, helped people recover a sense of spiritual significance and moral direction; it also touched off violent religious controversy.

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S1 · E9 · 9 янв 2003 г.

The Great War for Empire Серия 9

By the mid-1700s, Britain and France were the two rivals for dominance of America. The war for empire, the French and Indian War, broke out in 1754, and at first went badly for England—but the British Empire had greater resources to draw on. The Treaty of Paris in 1763 forced the French to withdraw entirely from North America.

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S1 · E10 · 10 янв 2003 г.

The Rejection of Empire Серия 10

The Great War for Empire beggared the British economy. In 1765 Parliament moved to levy direct taxes on the colonies and to regulate colonial trade so that it profited Britain. The legislatures of the North American colonies protested. Americans insisted on "no taxation without representation." More protests led to outright conflict, the suspension of colonial governments by Parliament, the creation of a Continental Congress to speak for North America, and finally, an organized military confrontation at Lexington and Concord in April 1775.

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S1 · E11 · 11 янв 2003 г.

The American Revolution - Politics and People Серия 11

Parliament's responses to American protests increasingly alienated Americans. By the spring of 1776, the determination of the British and the agitation of pro-independence thinkers wore down resistance to independence in the colonies. In the second Continental Congress of July 1776, a resolution declaring independence was adopted by the Congress and framed by a Declaration of Independence composed by Thomas Jefferson. In the Articles of Confederation of 1781 a joint government for the United States was created.

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S1 · E12 · 12 янв 2003 г.

The American Revolution - Howe's War Серия 12

From a military viewpoint, the Revolution started well and spiraled downward. The Continental Army, under the command of George Washington, faced humiliating defeats, abandoning all of New York and New Jersey to the British. Lost more by British incompetence than won by American planning, victory at Saratoga in the summer of 1777 salvaged American hopes.

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S1 · E13 · 13 янв 2003 г.

The American Revolution - Washington's War Серия 13

The Saratoga victory and the diplomacy of Benjamin Franklin in Paris persuaded France ally itself with the United States. The money, credit, weapons, and French naval and military resources forced the British to shift the focus of their war. Field forces fell under a combined land-and-sea campaign conducted by Washington and the French at Yorktown, where the British surrendered. The Treaty of Paris in 1783 reluctantly conceded American independence.

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S1 · E14 · 14 янв 2003 г.

Creating the Constitution Серия 14

The Revolution was not even over before the ramshackle nature of the Articles of Confederation began to show at the seams. A convention assembled in Philadelphia in 1787 to construct a constitution, which proposed a single executive president, a bicameral Congress, and a judiciary. The Constitution was ratified by the states, and George Washington was inaugurated as the first president in New York City in March 1789.

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S1 · E15 · 15 янв 2003 г.

Hamilton's Republic Серия 15

For Alexander Hamilton, the first secretary of the treasury, the republic depended on keeping the jealous interests of the individual states at bay, and on developing the republic's systems of finance, manufacturing, and commerce. Opposing him were Thomas Jefferson in the cabinet and the southern agricultural interests in Congress, both of whom believed that the future of America lay in independent domestic agriculture.

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S1 · E16 · 16 янв 2003 г.

Republicans and Federalists Серия 16

The surprise development in the new republic's political life was the formation of political parties. The threat this posed to the Founders was that parties might thrive on sanctioning and perpetuating disagreements and disunion. James Madison became the organizer of the Democratic-Republicans, and Hamilton recruited his Congressional supporters into the Federalist Party. The Federalists only barely managed to elect their candidate, John Adams, as Washington's successor in 1796.

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S1 · E17 · 17 янв 2003 г.

Adams and Liberty Серия 17

Few people liked John Adams, so it was fortunate that the first major challenge of his administration involved a foreign policy problem, where few had more expertise than he. But Adams squandered all the political capital he accumulated. By persuading the Federalists to dump Adams before the election of 1800, Hamilton succeeded in dividing his party and guaranteeing that Thomas Jefferson and the Democratic-Republicans would win.

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S1 · E18 · 18 янв 2003 г.

The Jeffersonian Reaction Серия 18

Thomas Jefferson proved incapable of creating a practical set of alternatives to Hamilton's hard-headed fiscal policies, particularly in defense and in foreign trade. He was also surprised by the activism of the federal judiciary, which under Chief Justice John Marshall, began to operate as a serious restraint on the scope of Jefferson's actions.

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S1 · E19 · 19 янв 2003 г.

Territory and Treason Серия 19

With renewed war in Europe on the horizon, Napoleon needed cash more than he needed Louisiana. In 1803, he offered to sell the entire Louisiana province—830,000 square miles—for $15 million. Jefferson asked Congress to finance a secret scouting party under Lewis and Clark. Vice President Aaron Burr, who attempted to set up his own independent republic, was thwarted and saved from a treason indictment only by Chief Justice John Marshall.

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S1 · E20 · 20 янв 2003 г.

The Agrarian Republic Серия 20

Jefferson was committed to keeping the American Republic an agrarian society, a culture of independence, nonmarket agriculture, and community. No regard was paid to the claims of the North American Indians. As Americans poured West in search of cheap land, disheartened Indians either accommodated, as with the Seneca and Cherokees, or resisted, as in the revolt of Tenskwatawa and Tecumseh.

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S1 · E21 · 21 янв 2003 г.

The Disastrous War of 1812 Серия 21

In 1812, Madison sent a request to Congress for a declaration of war. The War of 1812 was a debacle. In October 1814, the Massachusetts legislature passed a peace resolution and threatened secession from the Union. Only the signing of the Treaty of Ghent at the end of 1814 ended talk of a New England separatist movement.

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S1 · E22 · 22 янв 2003 г.

The "American System" Серия 22

The War of 1812 collapsed the U.S. Treasury, bankrupted hundreds of businesses, and soaked up the tiny hoard of American financial capital by government borrowing. Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun became the principal spokesmen for rebuilding the infrastructure of the American economy after 15 years of Jeffersonianism.

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S1 · E23 · 23 янв 2003 г.

A Nation Announcing Itself Серия 23

By the 1820s, immigrants flowed through America's seaports from Europe; and with the clearance of Indian resistance, the Northwest Territory was opened by massive government land sales. Many emigrants chose to stay in the cities they first entered, and their numbers soon swelled the size of the American urban population.

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National Republican Follies Серия 24

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The Second Great Awakening Серия 25

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Dark Satanic Mills Серия 26

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The Military Chieftain Серия 27

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The Politics of Distrust Серия 28

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The Monster Bank Серия 29

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Whigs and Democrats Серия 30

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American Romanticism Серия 31

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The Age of Reform Серия 32

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Southern Society and the Defense of Slavery Серия 33

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Whose Manifest Destiny? Серия 34

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The Mexican War Серия 35

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The Great Compromise Серия 36

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Sectional Tensions Escalate Серия 37

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Drifting toward Disaster Серия 38

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The Coming of War Серия 39

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The First Year of Fighting Серия 40

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Shifting Tides of Battle Серия 41

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Diplomatic Clashes and Sustaining the War Серия 42

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Behind the Lines: Politics and Economies Серия 43

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African Americans in Wartime Серия 44

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The Union Drive to Victory Серия 45

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Presidential Reconstruction Серия 46

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Congress Takes Command Серия 47

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Reconstruction Ends Серия 48

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Industrialization Серия 49

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Transcontinental Railroads Серия 50

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The Last Indian Wars Серия 51

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Farming the Great Plains Серия 52

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African Americans after Reconstruction Серия 53

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Men and Women Серия 54

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Religion in Victorian America Серия 55

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The Populists Серия 56

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The New Immigration Серия 57

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City Life Серия 58

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Labor and Capital Серия 59

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Theodore Roosevelt and Progressivism Серия 60

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Mass Production Серия 61

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World War I—The Road to Intervention Серия 62

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World War I—Versailles and Wilson’s Gambit Серия 63

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The 1920s Серия 64

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The Wall Street Crash and the Great Depression Серия 65

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The New Deal Серия 66

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World War II—The Road to Pearl Harbor Серия 67

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World War II—The European Theater Серия 68

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World War II—The Pacific Theater Серия 69

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The Cold War Серия 70

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The Korean War and McCarthyism Серия 71

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The Affluent Society Серия 72

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The Civil Rights Movement Серия 73

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The New Frontier and the Great Society Серия 74

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The Rise of Mass Media Серия 75

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The Vietnam War Серия 76

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The Women’s Movement Серия 77

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Nixon and Watergate Серия 78

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Environmentalism Серия 79

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Religion in 20th-Century America Серия 80

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Carter and the Reagan Revolution Серия 81

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The New World Order Серия 82

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Clinton’s America and the Millennium Серия 83

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Reflections Серия 84

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Сезон 1: 84 серии

Некоторые данные взяты с TheTVDB.

This is the story of a country in which immigrants of the late 19th and early 20th centuries huddled in cramped tenement apartments lit by hazardous kerosene lamps. And a country that, little more than a half-century later, renowned economist John Kenneth Galbraith described as "The Affluent Society." This is the chronicle of a nation that enslaved a race of people. And of a nation that fought a Civil War that freed its slaves, and outlawed segregation and discrimination. This is history shaped by Revolutionary War and Vietnam, Thomas Jefferson and William Jefferson Clinton, Puritanism and Feminism, Booker T. Washington and Martin Luther King, Jamestown and Disneyland, Harpers Ferry and Henry Ford, oil wells and Orson Welles. This is a review of the extraordinary blend of people, ideas, inventions, and events that comprise The History of the United States.

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